Spatio-temporal variation of water quality in the irrigation channels of the Formoso Project in Bom Jesus da Lapa-Bahia.
Keywords:
phosphorus, nitrogen, contamination, water quality.Abstract
In this work presented the results of water quality monitoring of the irrigation channels of the irrigated perimeter of the Formoso A project in Bom Jesus da Lapa city, western region of Bahia. The water quality parameters considered in this study were ammonia (N-NH4+), nitrite (N-NO2-), nitrate (N-NO3-), phosphorus (P-PO43-), dissolved oxygen (DO) and total dissolved solids (TDS). We monitor irrigation channels at seventeen sites and collect water samples monthly during ten campaigns that occurred between October 2017 and August 2018. In all the campaigns the average values of the parameters N-NH4+, N-NO2-, N-NO3-, pH, OD and STD were within the limits established by resolution CONAMA 357/2005. However, the mean values of the P-PO43- concentration in the water of the canals ranged from 0.02 to 1.19 mg L-1 and these values during most campaigns were above the established maximum limit of 0.1 mg L-1 for lotic environment. We applied all the results obtained in this study in the principal components analysis (PCA) to verify the similarity and/or difference between the samples collected during the dry and rainy season. In PCA, we found that the samples collected in the rainy season were distinct from the samples collected in the dry season because they had the highest levels of phosphorus and nitrogen species, indicating a possible seasonal variation in water quality.
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