Main legal and institucional instruments available in Brazil for non-potable graywater reuse
Keywords:
Water resources, Environmental legislation, Urban reuseAbstract
Several Brazilian regions have been facing consecutive water crises and one advantageous alternative considered, in environmental and economic terms to guarantee water demand, is the water reuse, especially gray water, yet Brazil lacks specific legislation that guarantee their reuse. The aim of this work was to analyze the Brazilian legal and institucional instruments regarding the reuse of gray water for non-drinking purposes, as well as the level of restriction of these legislations. Twelve documents were selected, from which only five established quality parameters for the non-drinking use of treated effluents and none of them at the federal level, which ends up limiting the use of the practice. It’s worth mentioning that in some of the analyzed documents, the parameters have a higher level of restriction than for balneability (NBR 16.783/2019) and potability (Water Conservation and Reuse Manual in Buildings), as is the case for thermotolerant coliforms, which can restrict the interest of implementation of water reuse systems for non-potable purposes in Brazil. In this scenario of growing water demand, it is expected that this study can support an analysis of the legislative demands on the subject, in order to favor the adoption of the gray water reuse for non-potable purposes, as an instrument to improve the management of water resources.
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