The 2019/2020 Drought in the Rio Grande do Sul State from Systematic and Non-Systematic Data
Abstract
The Rio Grande do Sul state is constantly affected by drought events, affecting different sectors of society, where the years 2019 and 2020 were characterized by the occurrence of an extreme drought event in the state. In this context, a diagnosis of this event is presented throught systematic and non-systematic data, with the objective of evaluating the occurrence of different types of drought (meteorological, hydrological, agricultural and socioeconomic) and evaluating its progression, using systematic data for different hydrometeorological variables. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Outflow Index (SSI) and the Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI) were calculated to evaluate the types of droughts reached in the event. Also, media and government data were udes to characterize the effects of drought over time. The occurrence of different types of drought was verified, where the progression between meteorological drought and hydrological and agricultural droughts was one and two months, respectively. For the occurrence of the event, four consecutive months with below average precipitation in 2019 satnd out, causing the outflows of the main watercourses to show recession, and above average temperatures.
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