Improving the ANA's Water Security Index
Adding the vulnerability to flooding indicator and applying it to the Jucu River hydrographic region, ES - Brazil
Keywords:
Water security, Flood, Regional development, modeling, vulnerabilityAbstract
Water security is broad, yet it has been modeled as synonymous of water scarcity. In Brazil, the ANA created the Water Security Index (ISH) which followed this same bias. As there are still few models that consider other equally important factors, such as flooding, in their water security analyses, this study set out to develop a model (called ISHadjusted) based on the ISH, incorporating flooding to make it more coherent with the concept of water security. Methodologically, the resilience dimension of the ISH was modified, adding the "flood vulnerability index" (IVI) to its composition. The adjusted ISH was applied to a 2035 projection of water security in the Jucu River Hydrographic Region (RHJ), in the state of Espírito Santo. The new model showed that some areas with greater vulnerability to flooding now have lower water security than in the original ISH. These results proved to be sensitive to the context of water security in the RHJ and consistent with local perceptions. It is concluded that the improvements made point to the need for models that more representatively address water security as it is conceptualized.
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