Compact WWTPs: operational and process control in anaerobic reactor technology associations with different post-treatment configurations

Authors

Keywords:

Tratamento de esgoto., ETEs compactas

Abstract

Although the regulatory framework of sanitation, Laws 11.445/2007 and 14.026/2020, aim at the universalization of sanitation services in Brazil, the coverage of public sewage systems is still low, and isolated systems equipped with compact sewage treatment stations (CSTS), installed in commercial and residential enterprises, contribute to the achievement of this goal. However, their operation and maintenance is still a challenge for those who have limited infrastructure and financial resources, having as an alternative the outsourcing of these services, in order to ensure that the effluent produced meets the current legislation. Thus, the CSTS s should be simple, efficient and economically feasible. The present work evaluated four CSTS s, with anaerobic treatment and aerobic post-treatment, with different configurations (mechanical and natural aeration), aiming to identify how they are operated and monitored, their main limitations, and if the effluents meet the discharge standards. The results showed that all of them can fit the treated effluent to the standards of CONAMA 430/2011, with average efficiency of organic matter removal of 87.1±2.2%, standard operating procedures and disinfection with sodium hypochlorite. Three have removal of excess sludge by trucks cleaning pits and disposal of treated effluent in the soil, one uses sludge drying bed and treated effluent in non-potable urban reuse. But, the monitoring of the CSTS s is aimed only at verifying compliance with disposal standards without concern for the evaluation of the technological processes. The main limitation is the absence of flow measurement preventing the verification and adjustment of operational parameters.

Author Biographies

Mrs., Federal University of Alagoas

Graduated in Civil Engineering from the Federal Institute of Alagoas. Specialist in higher education teaching from the São Luís Faculty of Education. Specialist in Occupational Safety Engineering. Master in Water Resources and Sanitation from the Federal University of Alagoas. Works in the area of building installation projects (hydraulic, sanitary and electrical) and infrastructure (microdrainage, paving, water supply and sewage). With experience in the area of water resources and sanitation.

Nelia Henriques Callado, Federal University of Alagoas

She holds a degree in Civil Engineering (1988) and a Specialisation in Water Resources (1989) from the Federal University of Alagoas, a Master's degree (1992), a PhD (2001) and a Post-doctorate (2013) in Hydraulic Engineering and Sanitation from the University of São Paulo (EESC/USP). She was Coordinator of the Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Course at CTEC/UFAL (2018-2021), Infrastructure Superintendent at SINFRA/UFAL (2013/2015) and Planning Director and Organisational Development Superintendent at Companhia de Saneamento de Alagoas (couple - 2007/2011) where she developed/coordinated sanitation projects for Alagoas. She is currently a Full Professor and researcher at the Technology Centre of the Federal University of Alagoas, Coordinator of the Environmental Sanitation Laboratory and leader of the Waste Treatment Group of the Federal University of Alagoas. She has experience in the area of Sanitary Engineering, with emphasis on Strategic Planning, Advanced Water Treatment Techniques, working mainly on the following topics: production water, solid waste, sequential batch reactors, petroleum waste, landfill and sanitation indicators.

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Published

2024-01-30

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 2023 (2023): Water Management Journal in Latin America - REGA - ISSN 2359-1919

Section

Novel Articles

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Copyright (c) 2023 Revista de Gestão de Água da América Latina (Water Management Journal in Latin America)

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